Seoul’s Five Palaces: A Journey Through Korean History and Culture

[mediK / HEALTH IN NEWS] In the heart of Seoul, five majestic palaces stand as living testaments to the Joseon Dynasty’s rich history, artistry, and architectural brilliance. Gyeongbokgung (경복궁), Changdeokgung (창덕궁), Deoksugung (덕수궁), Changgyeonggung (창경궁), and Gyeonghuigung (경희궁) are more than mere tourist attractions—they are vibrant spaces where Korea’s cultural identity and aesthetic heritage come alive. For visitors eager to explore South Korea’s past and present, these palaces offer an unforgettable journey.

Gyeongbokgung: The Grand Heart of the Joseon Dynasty

Founded in 1395 by King Taejo, the founder of the Joseon Dynasty, Gyeongbokgung (경복궁) served as the dynasty’s primary palace, where kings governed and state affairs unfolded. Stepping through the imposing Gwanghwamun (광화문) gate into Geunjeongjeon (근정전), the main throne hall, visitors are greeted by intricate dancheong (traditional multicolored paintwork) and a striking symmetry that exudes regal authority. The daily changing of the guard ceremony, held in the morning and afternoon, is a must-see, with soldiers in vibrant traditional uniforms performing a dignified march that captivates international visitors. Nearby, the charming neighborhoods of Samcheong-dong (삼청동) and Bukchon Hanok Village (북촌한옥마을) offer traditional teahouses and opportunities to rent a hanbok (한복), Korea’s elegant traditional attire, for an immersive experience.



Changdeokgung: A UNESCO Treasure of Harmony and Nature
Renowned for its seamless integration with the natural landscape, Changdeokgung (창덕궁) is a UNESCO World Heritage Site that showcases the Joseon Dynasty’s reverence for nature. Its Secret Garden, known as Biwon (비원), is a serene retreat where kings once sought solace and contemplation. In spring, cherry blossoms frame tranquil ponds, while autumn cloaks the palace in vibrant reds and golds.

Compared to the grandeur of Gyeongbokgung, Changdeokgung offers a more intimate charm, embraced by nature, making it a favorite among photographers. Access to the Secret Garden requires a guided tour, so booking in advance is essential.



Deoksugung: Where Tradition Meets Modernity

Deoksugung (덕수궁) stands out for its unique blend of Eastern and Western architectural styles. The palace’s Seokjojeon (석조전), a Western-style stone building, sits alongside traditional Korean hanok structures, creating a striking contrast. This palace was home to Emperor Gojong during the short-lived Korean Empire, and its grounds feature a Western-style garden and fountain. At night, the palace glows softly, its walls bathed in warm light that casts a romantic ambiance. The adjacent Deoksugung Stone Wall Path (덕수궁 돌담길) is a beloved stroll for couples, while nearby Jeongdong-gil (정동길) brims with cozy cafes and art galleries, perfect for a post-visit unwind.



Changgyeonggung: A Glimpse into Royal Life

Changgyeonggung (창경궁), originally built for queens, concubines, and princesses, offers a window into the daily life of the Joseon royal family. Though smaller in scale, its intimate setting is no less enchanting. In spring, cherry blossoms transform the palace into a floral haven, and in autumn, fiery maples paint the grounds. The palace also houses Korea’s first Western-style greenhouse, a historical gem for plant enthusiasts. After exploring, visitors can head to nearby Hyehwa (혜화) or Daehangno (대학로) for vibrant theater performances and eclectic dining options.



Gyeonghuigung: A Quiet Retreat in Seoul’s Bustle

The least crowded of the five, Gyeonghuigung (경희궁) offers a peaceful escape from Seoul’s urban energy. Built after the Japanese invasions of the late 16th century, this partially restored palace retains a tranquil, understated charm. Within its grounds, the Seoul History Museum provides a fascinating overview of the city’s evolution from the Joseon era to modern times. Its proximity to Seochon (서촌) and Gwanghwamun (광화문) makes it an ideal stop for those exploring Seoul’s cultural core.



Culinary and Cultural Delights Nearby

No visit to Seoul’s palaces is complete without sampling the culinary treasures in their surrounding neighborhoods. Near Gyeongbokgung, upscale Korean restaurants and hanok cafes serve traditional teas and delicacies. In Bukchon (북촌) and Ikseon-dong (익선동), visitors can savor Korean desserts like injeolmi (인절미, rice cakes coated with roasted soybean powder), yakgwa (약과, honey cookies), and dasik (다식, patterned tea cookies) at charming dessert cafes. Around Changdeokgung, traditional markets and eateries offer authentic Korean street food, adding a delicious dimension to your palace adventure.

These five palaces are more than historical landmarks—they are gateways to understanding Korea’s soul. Whether you’re drawn to their architectural splendor, cultural significance, or the vibrant neighborhoods that surround them, a visit to Seoul’s palaces promises a deep and enriching connection to Korea’s past and present.

Oh Ha Eun medi·K TEAM press@themedik.kr

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