Navigating Medications During Pregnancy: Expert Guidance on Safe Choices

[medi K / HEALTH IN NEWS] During pregnancy, the body undergoes profound changes that can trigger a range of symptoms, but even a casually taken medication carries the potential to affect fetal development, demanding heightened vigilance.

South Korea's Ministry of Food and Drug Safety and the Korea Institute of Drug Safety and Risk Management stress that pregnant individuals must consult specialists before taking any drug to confirm its safety.

High Fever and Cold Symptoms: Acetaminophen Is the Only Recommended Option

A persistent fever above 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit in pregnancy can impair fetal neural tube development. When an antipyretic is required, acetaminophen remains the sole recommended agent. For nasal congestion or rhinorrhea, cetirizine or chlorpheniramine may be used; for cough, dextromethorphan is permissible—but always in the shortest duration and lowest effective dose. The safest approach to colds combines ample rest, hydration, and maintaining indoor humidity through nonpharmacologic measures.

Headaches and Pain Relief: Ibuprofen Prohibited After 30 Weeks

Acetaminophen is the relatively safe first-line choice for headaches or myalgia during pregnancy. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen or naproxen may be considered in minimal doses for brief periods between 20 and 30 weeks, but they are contraindicated after 30 weeks due to risks of fetal renal dysfunction and preterm labor. Prioritize nonpharmacologic strategies—rest, adequate sleep, and stress management—before resorting to any medication.

임산부가 복용한 약물은 태반을 통해 태아에게 직접 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 약물의 종류와 시기에 따라 기형, 성장 지연, 조산 등의 위험이 발생할 수 있어 유의해야 한다. (이미지제공=클립아트코리아)

Constipation: Prioritize Dietary Fiber and Hydration

Hormonal shifts slow peristalsis, making constipation common in pregnancy. Lifestyle modifications come first: increase dietary fiber and fluid intake. If symptoms persist, lactulose or psyllium are generally safe options. Regular physical activity and consistent bowel habits further support relief.

Diet Supplements: Strictly Prohibited

Weight gain is a normal physiologic process in pregnancy. Yet some individuals turn to diet aids or appetite suppressants for control—a practice that poses serious risks. Products containing topiramate, in particular, are linked to congenital malformations and must be avoided. Focus instead on balanced nutrition and regular meals rather than weight reduction.

Always Consult a Specialist Before Use

Any medication in pregnancy requires discussion with a physician or pharmacist, with a thorough review of safety, benefits, and risks. Never stop or alter a prescribed regimen without guidance; promptly report suspected adverse effects to a health care provider.

Oh Ha Eun / press@themedik.kr

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