Puerh Tea: A Deep Dive into Korea's Fermented Treasure

[medi K / HEALTH IN NEWS] Originating from China's Yunnan province, puerh tea (보이차, Boicha) is a fermented tea renowned for its evolving flavor and aroma, which deepen over time. In South Korea, this traditional beverage has gained traction not only for its rich, earthy taste but also for its potential health benefits, particularly in supporting weight loss and metabolic health. As Korean culture embraces wellness trends, puerh tea has emerged as a popular choice for health-conscious consumers. However, its caffeine and tannin content calls for mindful consumption to avoid potential side effects.

Characterized by a subtle earthy scent and a robust, complex flavor, puerh tea develops a smoother sweetness and nutty aroma as it ages. Its unique profile and health properties make it a compelling addition to Korea’s vibrant tea culture, appealing to both locals and visitors exploring the country’s culinary traditions.



Health Benefits of Puerh Tea

Weight Loss and Fat Reduction

Puerh tea’s rise in popularity stems largely from its impact on fat metabolism. The tea contains gallic acid, which inhibits pancreatic lipase, reducing fat absorption and promoting its excretion. A 2011 study published in the Journal of Nutritional Research found that obese adults who consumed puerh tea extract for 12 weeks experienced an average 8.7% reduction in visceral fat. However, experts emphasize that tea alone isn’t a magic bullet for weight loss—pairing it with a balanced diet and exercise is essential for meaningful results.

Blood Sugar Regulation and Diabetes Prevention

Beyond fat metabolism, puerh tea supports blood sugar control. Its polysaccharide compounds help suppress blood glucose spikes and improve insulin sensitivity, lowering the risk of type 2 diabetes. A study in the Journal of Functional Foods reported that patients with type 2 diabetes who drank puerh tea daily for 30 days saw significant reductions in fasting blood sugar levels, highlighting its potential as a dietary aid for managing diabetes.

Cardiovascular Health and Cholesterol Management

Puerh tea also promotes heart health by improving cholesterol profiles. It reduces triglycerides and LDL (low-density lipoprotein, or "bad" cholesterol) while boosting HDL (high-density lipoprotein, or "good" cholesterol). A 2008 study in Nutrition Research showed that patients with high cholesterol who consumed puerh tea extract for three months saw an 8.5% drop in total cholesterol and an 11.7% decrease in

LDL cholesterol. These effects contribute to better cardiovascular health, making puerh tea a heart-friendly choice.

Antioxidant and Anticancer Properties

Rich in polyphenols and catechins, puerh tea offers potent antioxidant benefits, neutralizing free radicals and reducing cellular damage. This not only slows aging but may also inhibit cancer cell development, offering potential protective effects against certain cancers.

Gut Health and Digestion

The fermentation process of puerh tea produces organic acids and beneficial microbes that enhance gut health and promote regular bowel movements. In Korea, it’s often sipped after heavy meals, particularly during festive occasions like Chuseok or Seollal, to ease digestion and alleviate bloating caused by rich foods.

Skin Health

Puerh tea’s vitamin C, vitamin E, and antioxidants help protect skin cells from damage, potentially reducing acne and other skin issues. Regular consumption may also improve skin tone and reduce inflammation, making it a natural ally for skincare enthusiasts.



The Craft of Puerh Tea

Puerh tea is made by roasting harvested tea leaves to halt oxidation, drying them in the sun, and then aging them under controlled humidity and temperature. This meticulous process enhances the tea’s depth and complexity, making it a prized component of Korea’s tea-drinking culture, where traditional practices meet modern wellness trends.

Precautions and Side Effects

While puerh tea offers numerous benefits, its caffeine (30–60 mg per cup) and tannin content require caution. Overconsumption may lead to insomnia, heart palpitations, or anxiety, so it’s best avoided in the evening. Tannins can also interfere with iron absorption, posing risks for those with anemia or taking iron supplements. To minimize this, drink puerh tea at least an hour after meals.

Drinking strong puerh tea on an empty stomach may trigger acid reflux, stomach discomfort, or diarrhea due to increased gastric acid production. Consuming it 30 minutes to an hour after meals is ideal. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should avoid puerh tea, as its caffeine and tannins may affect fetal development or iron absorption. Those with cardiovascular issues, hypertension, or thyroid conditions should consult a doctor before incorporating it into their routine.

For safe enjoyment, limit intake to 1–2 cups daily, using 1–3 grams of tea leaves per serving. Brew with boiling water (100°C) for 5–15 seconds, discarding the first infusion to rinse the leaves and enhance flavor. Avoid drinking within three hours of bedtime, and store the tea in a well-ventilated, sun-free area away from strong odors, as its fermented nature makes it prone to absorbing external smells.

Puerh Tea in Korean Culture

In South Korea, puerh tea has found a place alongside green tea and barley tea (boricha) in cafes, wellness retreats, and homes. Its robust flavor pairs well with Korea’s bold culinary palette, from spicy kimchi to savory jeon pancakes. Visitors to Seoul or Busan can explore tea houses like Osulloc (오설록) on Jeju Island, where puerh tea is often featured in tastings, offering a window into Korea’s evolving tea culture.

For travelers, puerh tea is a perfect souvenir, available in beautifully packaged forms at markets like Gwangjang or Namdaemun. Its health benefits and cultural significance make it a meaningful way to connect with Korea’s traditions, whether sipped at a hanok teahouse or brewed at home.

Oh Ha Eun / press@themedik.kr

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